A plumbing system is an interconnected set of components that serves to supply water to a facility and to collect and discharge wastewater from it. Both water supply and sewage disposal must be reliable, and the plumbing system must work smoothly and efficiently. A well-made plumbing system is the professional selection of appropriate materials and equipment, as well as the correct routing of pipes.
Water is brought into the house from the water mains via a connection. The water system needs to be connected to the consumption points in bathrooms, toilets, kitchens, utility rooms, as well as the garage and laundry room. Usually, in addition to cold water, hot water taps are needed in many places.
Pipes vary in diameter and the material from which they are made. The most popular are plastic pipes made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene. We need to connect the individual pipe sections in a suitable way. We can achieve this by gluing, welding or welding. The basic elements of water piping are fittings and couplings, which are designed to change the direction of the pipes, to connect larger diameters with smaller ones (fittings and reducing couplings), to connect sections or to connect several pipes. The basic couplings are nipples, couplings and other special couplings. To change the direction of flow, elbows (45° and 90°) are used, as well as bends of various radii.
A sewage system is used to carry away sewage. When we don't have the option of connecting our own sewage system to an external network, we have to collect domestic sewage in non-returnable tanks commonly known as septic tanks or build domestic sewage treatment plants. Rainwater, on the other hand, we can usually discharge onto the property.
The interior sewage system is carried out as gravity.
Wastewater in a single-family home is generated:
- In the kitchen (dishwasher, sink);
- In the toilet (sink, toilet bowl);
- In the bathroom (bathtub, sink, toilet bowl, shower, washing machine, bidet).
Sewer risers
The riser is the main pipe that collects wastewater from sanitary installations through sewer approaches. It should have the same diameter along its entire length. This diameter must also be equal to the diameter of the largest approach connected to the riser. The diameter of the riser for single-family houses is standard 10 cm. Above the roof, the riser is terminated by an exhaust vent with a diameter greater than or equal to the diameter of the riser. In the lower part of the system, before the passage of the drainage pipe into the sewer level, a revision should be installed on the riser, which is used to plug clogged sections of the system. We run risers along their entire length without changing the direction of sewage flow.
Noise in the sewage system
Sewage flowing in the sewage system is a source of noise in the premises. To cancel them out, it is recommended to use sound-absorbing lagging or covers. In addition, utensils made of sheet metal, such as sinks and bathtubs, are a source of noise. Therefore, they should be placed on flexible anti-vibration pads to reduce vibrations.